Payload

The JUICE spacecraft will carry a powerful remote sensing, geophysical, and in situ payload complement.

The payload consists of 10 state-of-the-art instruments plus one experiment that uses the spacecraft telecommunication system with ground-based instruments. This payload is capable of addressing all of the mission's science goals, from in situ measurements of Jupiter's atmosphere and plasma environment, to remote observations of the surface and interior of the three icy moons, Ganymede, Europa and Callisto.

A remote sensing package includes imaging (JANUS) and spectral-imaging capabilities from the ultraviolet to the sub-millimetre wavelengths (MAJIS, UVS, SWI). A geophysical package consists of a laser altimeter (GALA) and a radar sounder (RIME) for exploring the surface and subsurface of the moons, and a radio science experiment (3GM) to probe the atmospheres of Jupiter and its satellites and to perform measurements of the gravity fields. An in situ package comprises a powerful package to study the particle environment (PEP), a magnetometer (J-MAG) and a radio and plasma wave instrument (RPWI), including electric fields sensors and a Langmuir probe. An experiment (PRIDE) using ground-based very-long-baseline interferometry will provide precise determination of the spacecraft position and velocity.

The table below lists the JUICE experiments, their primary science contribution and key characteristics.

JUICE Payload
JANUS - Camera system
An optical camera to study global, regional and local morphology and processes on the moons, and to perform mapping of the clouds on Jupiter. JANUS will have 13 filters, a 1.3 degree field of view, and spatial resolution up to 2.4 m on Ganymede and about 10 km at Jupiter.
Principal Investigator: P. Palumbo, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope", Italy
Co-Principal Investigator: T. Roatsch, DLR, Institut für Planetenforschung, Germany
Lead Funding Agency: ASI, Italy
 
MAJIS - Moons and Jupiter Imaging Spectrometer
A hyper-spectral imaging spectrometer for observing tropospheric cloud features and minor species on Jupiter and for the characterisation of ices and minerals on the surfaces of icy moons. MAJIS will cover the visible and infrared wavelengths from 0.4 to 5.7 microns, with spectral resolution of 3-7 nm. The spatial resolution will be up to 25 m on Ganymede and about 100 km on Jupiter.
Principal Investigator: F. Poulet, Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, France
Co-Principal Investigator: G. Piccioni, INAF/IAPS, Rome, Italy
Lead Funding Agency: CNES, France
 
UVS - UV imaging Spectrograph
A UV spectrometer to characterise the composition and dynamics of the exospheres of the icy moons, to study the Jovian aurorae, and to investigate the composition and structure of the upper atmosphere. The instrument will perform both nadir observations and solar and stellar occultation sounding. UVS will cover the wavelength range 55-210 nm with spectral resolution of <0.6 nm. Spatial resolution will reach 0.5 km at Ganymede and up to 250 km at Jupiter.
Principal Investigator: R. Gladstone, Southwest Research Institute, USA
Lead Funding Agency: NASA, USA
 
SWI - Sub-millimeter Wave Instrument
A sub-millimeter wave instrument to investigate the temperature structure, composition and dynamics of Jupiter's stratosphere and troposphere, and the exospheres and surfaces of the icy moons. SWI is a heterodyne spectrometer using a 29 cm antenna and working in two spectral ranges 1080-1275 GHz and 530-601 GHz with spectral resolving power of ~107.
Principal Investigator: P. Hartogh, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Germany
Lead Funding Agency: DLR, Germany
 
GALA - GAnymede Laser Altimeter
A laser altimeter for studying the tidal deformation of Ganymede and the morphology and topography of the surfaces of the icy moons. GALA will have a 40 m spot size and 0.1 m vertical resolution at 200 km.
Principal Investigator: H. Hussmann, DLR, Institut für Planetenforschung, Germany
Lead Funding Agency: DLR, Germany
 
RIME - Radar for Icy Moons Exploration
An ice penetrating radar to study the subsurface structure of the icy moons down to 9 km depth with vertical resolution of up to 50 m in ice. RIME will work at a central frequency of 9 MHz (1 and 3 MHz bandwidth) and will use a 16 m antenna.
Principal Investigator: L. Bruzzone, Università degli Studi di Trento, Italy
Co-Principal Investigator: J.J. Plaut, JPL, USA
Lead Funding Agency: ASI, Italy
 
J-MAG - A magnetometer for JUICE
A magnetometer to characterise the Jovian magnetic field, its interaction with the internal magnetic field of Ganymede, and to study subsurface oceans of the icy moons. The instrument will use fluxgates (inbound and outbound) sensors mounted on a boom.
Principal Investigator: M. Dougherty, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
Lead Funding Agency: UKSA, United Kingdom
 
PEP - Particle Environment Package
A plasma package with sensors to characterise the plasma environment in the Jovian system. PEP will measure density and fluxes of positive and negative ions, electrons, exospheric neutral gas, thermal plasma and energetic neutral atoms in the energy range from <0.001 eV to >1 MeV with full angular coverage. The composition of the moons' exospheres will be measured with a resolving power of more than 1000.
Principal Investigator: S. Barabash, Swedish Institute of Space Physics (Institutet för rymdfysik, IRF), Kiruna, Sweden
Co-Principal Investigator: P. Wurz, Universität Bern, Switzerland
US Co-lead: P. C. Brandt, JHU-APL, USA
Lead Funding Agency: SNSB, Sweden
 
RPWI - Radio & Plasma Wave Investigation
A radio plasma wave instrument to characterise the radio emission and plasma environment of Jupiter and its icy moons. RPWI will be based on four experiments, GANDALF, MIME, FRODO, and JENRAGE. It will use a set of sensors, including two Langmuir probes to measure DC electric field vectors up to a frequency of 1.6 MHz and to characterize thermal plasma and medium- and high-frequency receivers, and antennas to measure electric and magnetic fields in radio emission in the frequency range 80 kHz- 45 MHz.
Principal Investigator: J.-E. Wahlund, Swedish Institute of Space Physics (Institutet för rymdfysik, IRF), Uppsala, Sweden
Co-Principal Investigators: B. Cecconi, LESIA-Observatoire de Paris, France
  H. Rothkaehl, Space Research Centre of the Polish
Academy of Sciences, Poland
  I. Müller-Wodarg, Imperial College, UK
  Y. Kasaba, Tohoku University, Japan
  O. Santolik, Institute of Atmospheric Physic, Czech Republic
Lead Funding Agency: SNSB, Sweden
 
3GM - Gravity & Geophysics of Jupiter and Galilean Moons
A radio science package comprising a Ka transponder and an ultrastable oscillator. 3GM will be used to study the gravity field - up to degree 10 - at Ganymede and the extent of internal oceans on the icy moons, and to investigate the structure of the neutral atmospheres and ionospheres of Jupiter (0.1 - 800 mbar) and its moons.
Principal Investigator: L. Iess, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Italy
Co-Principal Investigators: Y. Kaspi, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel
  D. J. Stevenson, California Institute of Technology, USA
Lead Funding Agency: ASI, Italy; ISA, Israel Space Agency
 
PRIDE - Planetary Radio Interferometer & Doppler Experiment
PRIDE will use the standard telecommunication system of the JUICE spacecraft and VLBI - Very Long Baseline Interferometry - to perform precise measurements of the spacecraft position and velocity to investigate the gravity fields of Jupiter and the icy moons.
Principal Investigator: L. Gurvits, Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe, The Netherlands
Lead Funding Agency: NWO and NSO, The Netherlands

Timeline

May 2012: Mission selection

February 2013: Payload selection

November 2014: Mission adoption

July 2015: Prime industrial contractor selection

Mars 2016: Mission and System Requirements Review completed

March 2017: Spacecraft Preliminary Design Review completed

June 2017: Instrument Preliminary Design Reviews completed

December 2017: Ground Segment Requirements Review completed

December 2018: Ground Segment Design Review completed

March 2019: Spacecraft Critical Design Review completed

April 2019: Science Ground Segment Design Review completed

September 2019: Start of the assembly of the spacecraft flight model

November 2019: Instrument Critical Design Reviews completed

November 2022: Ground Segment Readiness review completed

18 January 2023: Qualification and acceptance review completed

9 February 2023: Spacecraft shipped to Kourou

22 February 2023: Science ground segment Readiness review completed

14 April 2023: Launch from CSG

July 2023: End of the Near Earth Commissioning /  start of the cruise phase